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'An aphorism, properly stamped and molded, has not been "deciphered" when it has simply been read; rather one has then to begin its interpretation, for which is required an art of interpretation.' -- Nietzsche, 'On the Genealogy of Morals'

Zizek reviewed #2 « Previous | |Next »
September 16, 2006

I'm returning to Fredric Jameson's review of Zizek's The Parallax View on the London Review of Books site. An illustrated version of the Jameson review of Zizek's text can be found at Subject Barred. It is visually interesting.

Jameson says that Zizek's insistance:

on appearance now seems to bring us around unexpectedly to the whole vexed question of postmodernism and postmodernity, which is surely nothing if it is not a wholesale repudiation of essences in the name of surface, of truth in the name of fiction, of depth (past, present or future) in the name of the Nietzschean eternally recurring here-and-now. Zizek seems to identify postmodernism with 'postmodern philosophy' and relativism (an identification he shares with other enemies of these developments, some of them antediluvian, some resistant to the reification of the label), while on the other hand he endorses the proposition of an epochal change, provided we don't call it that and provided we insist that it is still, on whatever scale, capitalism--something with which I imagine everyone will nowadays be prepared to agree. Indeed, some of his basic propositions are unthinkable except within the framework of the epochal, and of some new moment of capitalism itself; Lacan is occasionally enlisted in the theorisation of these changes, which have taken place since Freud made his major discoveries.

We have seen some of these basic propositions in this post.Jameson then useful explores the category of jouissance. Jouissance is usually translated from the French as “enjoyment”. As opposed to what we talk of in English as "pleasure", though, jouissance is an always sexualised, always transgressive enjoyment, at the limits of what subjects can experience or talk about in public. The result of transgressing the pleasure principle is not more pleasure, but pain, since thre is only a certain amount of pleasure that the subject can bear. Beyond this limit, pleasure becomes pain, and this "painful pleasure" is what Lacan calls jouissance: jouissance is suffering.

Jameson says that jouissance is perhaps the central or at least the most powerful category in Zizek's explanatory resources; a category capable of projecting a new theory of political and collective dynamics as much as a new way of looking at individual subjectivity.He says that to grasp the implications it is best to see jouissance as a relational concept rather than some isolated ultimately determining instance or named force.

In fact, it is the concept of the envy of jouissance that accounts for collective violence, racism, nationalism and the like, as much as for the singularities of individual investments, choices and obsessions: it offers a new way of building in the whole dimension of the Other (by now a well-worn concept which, when not merely added mechanically onto some individual psychology, evaporates into Levinassian sentimentalism). The power of this conception of envy may also be judged from the crisis into which it puts merely consensual and liberal ideals like those of Rawls or Habermas, which seem to include none of the negativity we experience in everyday life and politics. Zizek, indeed, includes powerful critiques of other current forms of bien-pensant political idealism such as multiculturalism and the rhetoric of human rights admirable liberal ideals calculated to sap the energies of any serious movement intent on radical reconstruction.

All these ideals presuppose the possibility of some ultimate collective harmony and reconciliation as the operative goal or end of political action. They are associated, for Zizek, with an absence of antagonism that Zizek’s identifies as human subjectivities permanent split: it bears a gap within itself, a wound, an inner distance that can never be overcome.

| Posted by Gary Sauer-Thompson at 11:59 PM | | Comments (0)
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