September 19, 2003
Trevor one thing that is beginning to concern me about the French reception of Nietzsche in the 1930s is that it appears to interpret Nietzsche as an immoralist. This seems to be the cultural backgound that shapes their reception of their interpretation of Nietzsche's texts.
By immoralist I do not mean that Nietzsche is just a severe critic of morality as an everyday code by one which one lives;eg., a Christian morality. Or that he is deeply critical of a particular ethical system of a philosopher, such as Kant, or a system of philosophy such as utilitarianism.
I mean immoral as something like the view that Nietzsche is outside morality in the sense that he rejects morality and embraces aesthetics. This means that life, ways of life, and human conduct should be judged or evaluated on non-moral, that is aesthetic grounds or in terms of power. He rejects the ethical way of distinquishing between good and bad right and wrong in human conduct and ways of life.
Many analytic philosophers have interpreted Nietzsche as an immoralist; one who lets the passions run free; one who is a master who celebrates power, lacks pity and compassion for the vulnerable and is cruel to the weak.
The French reading of the 1930s appears to hold that Nietzsche dumps Christianity as a moral code in favour of aesthetics. Is this a fair interpretation of the French reception of Nietzsche?
If so, then it displaces a core part of Nietzsche: Nietzsche the ethicist. And I would add a Stoic ethicist concerned with character, virtue and living flourishing lives. In this tradition of philosophy as a way of life the goal is to transform ourselves. And I would argue, Schopenhauer works with this understanding of philosophy as a way or form of life. You get glimmers of this here
It seems to me that the existential/surrealist forebears of poststructuralism (Sade, Bataille, Blanchot and Klossowski) are devoid of ethics, or else they ignore ethics altogether. If there is an ethics here it is what the latter Foucault articulated as an aesthetics of self. An aesthetics of the self without any ethics.
Thsi is not to reject what the existential/surrealist forebears did with Nietzsche. They made very creative use of his texts and opened up new areas to explore. They are far more interesting than the analytic philosophers in the 1930s who were obsessed with science. They continually acted in terms of closure and exclusion. To be very crude, science was everything and non-science was just plain nonsense. They were the new ascetic priests who made us miserable and unhappy.
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Hello, I stumbled upon this website when researching about Nietzsche's immoralism. To be honest, I'm finding it quite difficult as I'm only a beginner to the subject. If anyone knows anything about Nietzsche's Immoralism and what the point of it was/is, I'd really appreciate it if someone would e-mail me. Thanks, Robin.